PILES IN ADULTS
CAUSES
Piles (hemorrhoids) are swollen and inflamed veins in the rectum or anus. In adults, they usually develop due to increased pressure in the rectal blood vessels. Common causes and contributing factors include:
1. Lifestyle & Diet Factors
• Chronic constipation (straining hard during bowel movements)
• Low-fiber diet (causing hard stools)
• Prolonged sitting on the toilet
• Insufficient water intake
• Sedentary lifestyle / lack of exercise
2. Increased Abdominal Pressure
• Chronic cough (e.g., in smokers, asthma)
• Heavy lifting (repeated straining)
• Obesity / overweight
• Pregnancy (pressure from the uterus and hormonal changes)
3. Bowel Habits
• Frequent diarrhea (irritates rectal veins)
• Delaying bowel movements (stool becomes hard and dry)
4. Other Medical Conditions
• Liver disease / portal hypertension (rare but possible)
• Genetic predisposition (weak vein walls in some families)
Concerning / Warning Signs
These suggest worsening piles or complications:
• Frequent or heavy rectal bleeding (risk of anemia).
• Severe pain (may indicate thrombosed piles or fissure).
• Mucus discharge from the anus.
• Difficulty cleaning after stool due to protruding piles.
• Prolapse – piles coming out of the anus, initially reducible but later may remain outside.
Swelling , lump, itching and irritation in anal area
When to Seek Immediate Medical Care
• Sudden, severe anal pain with swelling (possible thrombosis).
• Black, tarry, or mixed stool (may suggest another serious condition, not just piles).
• Continuous or heavy bleeding.
• Unexplained weight loss or fatigue along with rectal bleeding (to rule out cancer).
TIPS
1. Hydration and diet – more of fiber rich diet
2. Physical activity
3. Avoid straining
4. Home remedies- warm sitz bath, ice pack and maintaining hygiene
5. Avoid weight lifting, prolong sitting and holding back stools.